Scottish Parliament History

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  • Where can I find information about the old Scottish Parliament?

    You can find a brief history of Scotland’s parliamentary tradition in the History section of our website. Images and information about pre-1707 Scottish parliaments can be found on the website of the Scottish Parliament History Workshop at Stirling University; and a short history of the Scottish Parliament, along with suggestions for further reading, can also be found on the website of the Records of the Parliaments of Scotland to 1707. Information about the 1707 Union of the Parliaments is available on the UK Parliament website.

    The current Scottish Parliament does not hold any archives relating to the Scottish parliaments in the period before 1707. These documents are held by the National Archives of Scotland. A searchable database of the Acts of the Scottish Parliament between the thirteenth century and 1707 is available on the Records of the Parliaments of Scotland to 1707 website.

  • Where can I see a copy of the Act of Union?

    The National Archives of Scotland holds an exemplification, or official copy, of the Act of Union.

  • When was the current Scottish Parliament established?

    The first elections to the Scottish Parliament took place on 6 May 1999 and meetings of the Parliament began with the first sitting on 12 May 1999. At this sitting, the MSPs took the oath of allegiance or made a solemn affirmation and elected the Presiding Officer and two Deputy Presiding Officers. The Parliament was officially opened by Her Majesty The Queen on 1 July 1999 and took up its full powers on this date.

  • How did the Scottish Parliament come into existence in 1999?

    The UK Government’s white paper on Scottish devolution, Scotland’s Parliament, was published in July 1997. It set out proposals for a new Scottish Parliament and drew heavily on the Scottish Constitutional Convention’s 1995 report, Scotland's Parliament, Scotland's Right.

    A referendum was held on 11 September 1997 to ask the Scottish people whether they wanted a Scottish Parliament and whether it should have tax-varying powers. A clear majority of voters voted Yes to both questions. This result gave the UK government a mandate to introduce a bill that would allow for the creation of a Scottish Parliament.

    The white paper, Scotland’s Parliament, was the basis for the Scotland Bill that was introduced at Westminster in December 1997 and became the Scotland Act 1998 on 19 November 1998. This Act is the formal constitutional document providing for the establishment of the Scottish Parliament.

    In November 1997, the Secretary of State for Scotland set up the Consultative Steering Group on the Scottish Parliament (CSG), which met for the first time in January 1998. The CSG was chaired by Henry McLeish, the Scottish Office Minister for Devolution, and was composed of representatives from the main political parties in Scotland and from other civic groups and interests. The remit of the CSG was to report on the “operational needs and working methods” of the Parliament and to make proposals for its standing orders and rules of procedure. Its main report, Shaping Scotland’s Parliament, was published in January 1999.

  • What is the Consultative Steering Group (CSG) report?

    In November 1997, the Secretary of State for Scotland set up the Consultative Steering Group on the Scottish Parliament (CSG), which met for the first time in January 1998. The CSG was chaired by Henry McLeish, the Scottish Office Minister for Devolution, and was composed of representatives of the main political parties in Scotland and of other civic groups and interests. The remit of the CSG was to report on the “operational needs and working methods” of the Parliament and to make proposals for its standing orders and rules of procedure. Its main report, Shaping Scotland’s Parliament, was published in January 1999.

  • What were the results of the 1997 referendum?

    A referendum was held on 11 September 1997 to ask the Scottish people whether they wanted a Scottish Parliament and whether it should have tax-varying powers. The results were as follows:

    There should be a Scottish Parliament

       Votes  % of turnout  % of electorate
     Agree  1,775,054  74.3%  44.87%
     Disagree  614,400  25.7%  15.53%
     Turnout  2,389,445    60.40%

    A Scottish Parliament should have tax-varying powers
       Votes % of turnout  % of electorate
     Agree  1,512,889  63.5%  38.24%
     Disagree  870,263  36.5%  22.00%
    Turnout  2,383,152    60.24%

  • Where can I get the results of elections to the Scottish Parliament?

    The results of Scottish Parliament elections since 1999 are available in the Election Results section of our website.

    Details are published once the Parliament has been notified of the result by the returning officer.

  • Where can I find information about the opening of the Scottish Parliament?

    Information about the opening of the Parliament building at Holyrood in 2004 can be found in the About Holyrood section of the website.

  • Where can I find information about the Parliament building at Holyrood?

    Extensive information about the Parliament building at Holyrood, including details of the project's history, the building's design, its environmental features and its artwork, can be found in the About the Building section of the website.